我国的八大流域特别是长江三角洲、珠江三角洲地区的河网水系，随着工农业的 迅猛发展，大量工农业废水通过多种途径流入河道水体。由于河流水动力与载荷污染物质 量的能力失调，致使污染物最终沉积进入河流水体底泥中，
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, a large number of industrial and agricultural wastewater flows into the river body through various ways. Due to the imbalance between the river hydrodynamic force and the ability to load pollutant quality, the pollutants are finally deposited into the sediment of the river water body,
并逐步累积形成重度污染淤泥 的沉积层。由此产生诸多河流、湖泊出现水体富营养化，频繁发生的水华现象、河湖的黑臭 已成了各流域城市河网湖泊中的一种普遍现象，严重影响了居民生活、城市形象和城市生 态、景观环境。
And gradually accumulate to form a sedimentary layer of heavily polluted sludge. As a result, many rivers and lakes appear water eutrophication. The frequent water bloom and the black smell of rivers and lakes have become a common phenomenon in urban rivers and lakes in various basins, which has seriously affected residents' life, urban image, urban ecology and landscape environment.